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To, co nazywasz "złym duchem", jest tylko potężną zjawą – stworzoną przez twoją własną energię życiową! A ponieważ stoi obok ciebie, nazywa się.... Stand!
Stand (スタンド, Sutando) jest fizyczną manifestacją "energii życiowej" (生命エネルギー, Seimei enerugī) danej osoby.[1] Jest to moc unikalna dla serii JoJo's Bizarre Adventure.
Stand jest bytem psychicznie wygenerowanym przez jego właściciela, określanego jako użytkownik Standa (スタンド使い, Sutando Tsukai).[2] Na ogół przedstawia się jako eteryczna postać unosząca się nad lub w pobliżu użytkownika i posiada zdolności wykraczające poza zwykłego człowieka, które, w zależności od użytkownika Standa, mogą być używane dla dobra lub zła.
Standy definiuje się jako personifikacje "energii życiowej", której zdolności otrzymują formę wizualną. Po pierwszym przedstawieniu termin jest zapisywany jako "Stand" (幽波紋, Sutando),[3] z furigana, aby zmienić wymowę tego, co dosłownie oznacza "Duchowa Fala" (幽波紋, Yūhamon) w kanji. Według Josepha Joestara nazwa "Stand" pochodzi od faktu, że zdecydowana większość Standów zwykle manifestuje się stojąc obok użytkownika: gotowy do działania na jego polecenie.
Standy są zwykle używane w bitwie
Do pewnego stopnia Stand ucieleśnia psychikę osoby, zwykle jako reprezentację "ducha walki" użytkownika. Jednak wola wymagana do zamanifestowania Standa nie musi być konfrontacyjna, wynikająca z jakiejkolwiek eksploracji możliwości umysłu, silnego pragnienia, czy nawet osobistych kryzysów. Poza tą definicją, Standy prezentują się w wielu różnych formach i z różnymi zachowaniami, jeśli w ogóle są świadome. Kierują się luźnym zestawem zasad, bez określonego standardu, według którego można je w pełni sklasyfikować. Jako ucieleśnienie czyjejś psychiki, Standy są zatem tak różnorodne, jak różne mogą być ludzkie umysły.
Ze względu na swoją różnorodność, Standy nie są sobie równe. Niektóre mogą być niezwykle potężne ze względu na wyjątkową odwagę użytkownika, inne mogą być wysoce sytuacyjne z powodu definiującego dziwactwa charakteru, a nawet szkodliwe dla użytkownika, jeśli nie mają niezbędnego ducha walki.
Standy i inne nadprzyrodzone zdolności, takie jak Fale, Rotacja i moce dane przez Kamienną Maskę, są w jakiś sposób powiązane w naturze.[5] Mówi się, że te umiejętności są jednym z potencjalnych kroków w kierunku rozwoju Standa, którego przykładem są niektóreStandy.
Standy są również związane z obcym wirusem zawartym w skale meteorytu, który spadł w Kap York na Grenlandii. Wyjaśnia się, że wirus może zarażać ludzi i w większości ich zabija, ale nieliczni, którzy przeżyją, otrzymują zdolność Standa.[6]
Zasady
Stand jest tworzony z czyjejś psychiki, która obejmuje nie tylko ludzi, ale także inne żywe stworzenia. Osoba ta jest określana jako użytkownik Standa. Następnie użytkownik nadaje swojemu Standu nazwę i używa go do różnych celów.
Stand i użytkownik zwykle dzielą rany
O ile nie są związane z konkretnym obiektem lub automatyczne, Standy są przymocowane do ciała użytkownika. W takim przypadku każde uszkodzenie Standa powoduje równoważne obrażenia ciała użytkownika i odwrotnie. Wyjątkiem od tej reguły są automatyczne Standy i związane Standy, które zwykle nie odzwierciedlają obrażeń zadawanych użytkownikowi, lub specjalne zdolności, takie jak zbroja Silver Chariot.
Z wyjątkiem rzadkich przypadków, gdy użytkownik Standa umiera, jego Stand znika wraz z nim. Jeśli Stand dozna tak dużych obrażeń, że zostanie zniszczony, użytkownik również zginie. Jednak użytkownik może przetrwać ze zniszczonym Standem[7] jeśli Stand jest automatyczny lub w zależności od poziomu obrażeń użytkownika. I odwrotnie, niektóre Standy mogą przetrwać poza swoimi użytkownikami dzięki wyjątkowym zdolnościom, takim jak Notorious B.I.G.
Ponieważ Stand jest formą psychiki użytkownika, łączy ich intymna więź psychiczna. Przede wszystkim Standy zazwyczaj wykonują polecenia swoich użytkowników bez pytania. Jeśli użytkownik tego zażąda, Stand wykona każde zadanie w ramach swoich możliwości, które obejmuje atakowanie kogoś, obronę użytkownika lub inne polecenia. W przypadku, gdy Stand jest świadomy, może od czasu do czasu poinformować użytkownika, że polecenie jest nierozsądne, ale mimo to będzie je realizować. Pokazano również, że Standy chronią swoich użytkowników w niektórych przypadkach, na przykład gdy Jotaro próbuje się zastrzelić[8] lub Weather Report próbuje popełnić samobójstwo.[9]
Holy zachorowała z powodu Standa
Istnieją jednak przypadki, w których Stand nie może być kontrolowana przez użytkownika. Może być automatyczny, jak Super Fly, lub użytkownik może zdobyć Stand, ale nie mieć ducha walki, aby go kontrolować jak Holy Kujo.[10] W obu przypadkach Stand może przypadkowo działać wbrew interesom użytkownika poprzez jego nienadzorowaną moc. Jednak szczególnie w drugim przypadku Stand może wymknąć się spod kontroli i powoli zabić użytkownika jak choroba. Według Muhammada Avdola użytkownik zachoruje, a następnie zapada w śpiączkę tylko po to, by nigdy więcej się nie obudzić; co więcej, takie zdarzenia są na tyle powszechne, że twierdzi, że był świadkiem wielu ludzi, którzy ulegli temu.[10]
Jedną z zasad definiujących Standy jest to, że ktoś może mieć tylko jeden Stand (na raz). Chociaż Standy mogą przybierać różne formy lub być podzielone na kilka jednostek, nikt nie jest w stanie przywołać kilku Standów naraz. Chociaż wyjątkowe okoliczności mogą prowadzić do tego, że ktoś będzie dzierżył kilka Standów, tylko jedno będzie Standem użytkownika działającym w dobrej wierze. Stand zazwyczaj pozostaje przywiązany do użytkownika, ale czasami może zmieniać użytkowników. Na przykład może zostać skradziony pierwotnemu użytkownikowi lub jeśli zdolność Standa wymaga zmiany użytkowników. Dzięki DYSKomWhitesnake'a, Stand może zmieniać użytkowników, ale zamiast tego będzie działał w celu ochrony nowego użytkownika. Inne Standy, takie jak Anubis lub Cheap Trick, będą aktywnie próbować zmieniać użytkowników, a ich złowroga natura sprawia, że szkodzą swoim użytkownikom, zamiast ich chronić.
Czasami Stand może emitować okrzyk bitewny, krzycząc wielokrotnie podczas wygłaszania pobicia.
Manipulowanie Standa
Kiedy użytkownik nabywa swój Stand, jego kontrola nad nim jest częściowo instynktowna, ale wymaga praktyki.
Kiedy użytkownik odkrywa swój Stand, zwykle nic o nim nie wie, a zatem musi dowiedzieć się, jaka jest jego moc. Czasami zdolność jest prosta i łatwa do zrozumienia, jak EchoesKoichiego Hirose, innym razem czujący Stand może wyjaśnić moc bezpośrednio swojemu użytkownikowi, tak jak Spice Girl zrobiła to dla Trish Uny,[11] ale czasami użytkownik będzie potrzebował czasu, aby poznać moc swojego Standa. Na przykład zarówno DIO, jak i Jotaro posiadali swoje Standy przez jakiś czas, dopóki nie odkryli, że mogą zatrzymać czas.[12]
DIO odkrywa swoją moc zatrzymywania czasu
Następnie od użytkownika zależy, co jego Stand może naprawdę zrobić ze swoimi możliwościami. Użytkownik Standa będzie potrzebował praktyki, aby rozwinąć potencjał swojego Standa i manipulować nim w bardziej precyzyjny sposób. Ukryte subtelności i zastosowania mocy Standa mogą wymagać czasu, aby użytkownik mógł to zauważyć. Giorno Giovanna, na przykład, musiał użyć Gold Experience na Bruno Bucciarati, aby odkryć, co jego życiodajna zdolność zrobiła z ludźmi,[13] i podobnie musiał odkryć, że jego zdolności mogą leczyć rany.[14]
Aby korzystać ze Standa, użytkownik musi go świadomie przywołać. Podobnie, aby wykorzystać jego moc, użytkownik musi dowodzić swoim Standem. W związku z tym użytkownicy Standów są nadal podatni na ataki podstępne. Nie dotyczy to automatycznych Standów, które działają same.
W spin-offie Crazy Diamond's Demonic Heartbreak, postać Karaiya twierdzi, że zwierzęta ze Standami mają mniejszą siłę woli niż ich ludzkie odpowiedniki, a zatem ich moce są powstrzymywane przez ich naturalne instynkty i że potrzebny jest inny mózg jako kontroler, aby wydobyć pełny potencjał mocy Standa. On sam w jakiś sposób zdołał połączyć swoją duszę z papugą, dając mu kawałek ucha, a tym samym jest w stanie kontrolować moc papugi (Karaiya mówi, że "dzielą ten sam Stand"), a także wzmacniać go, aby mógł teraz również projektować wspomnienia nagrane przez papugę na innych.[15]
W większości przypadków użytkownicy Standów rodzą się z możliwością korzystania ze swoich Standów w młodym wieku lub z możliwością odblokowania ich później w życiu. Ten potencjał Standa może być w szczególności dziedziczony,[16] jednak bez niego osoba nie może osiągnąć Stand za pomocą naturalnych środków. Dla tych, którzy się z nim urodzili, wywołanie Standa różni się w zależności od użytkownika, ale zazwyczaj pochodzi z doskonalenia swoich talentów lub umiejętności przez całe życie. W związku z tym przebudzenie i umiejętności Standa są często związane z zajęciem użytkownika.[17] Znani użytkownicy, którzy nabyli Stand za pomocą naturalnych środków, to Noriaki Kakyoin, Muhammad Avdol, Tonio Trussardi i Kenzou. W przypadku użytkowników Standów ze zwierzętami, takich jak Iggy czy Zjedzony przez robaki, nie jest jasne, czy ich podwyższona inteligencja jest wynikiem, czy warunkiem wstępnym przebudzenia Standa.
Zauważono również, że Standy budzą się przez samą obecność potężnych użytkowników Standów w obszarze ogólnym,[18] jednak najbardziej rozpowszechnionym sposobem na natychmiastowe wywołanie go jest przebicie specjalną Strzałą wykonaną z meteoru z kosmosu. Jeśli dana osoba ma potencjał, przeżyje dźgnięcie i zdobędzie Stand. W przeciwnym razie osoba umrze. Znani ludzie, którzy odblokowują swój Stand w ten sposób, to DIO, Koichi Hirose, Diavolo, Enrico Pucci i Jolyne Cujoh.
Moreover, if someone acquires a Stand this way, their existing descendants will also gain a Stand, although it may not manifest itself at first or be uncontrollable. In one such case, Jonathan Joestar's body was pierced by the Arrow, causing every living member of the Joestar Family to awaken their own Stands. The way siblings acquire Stands is portrayed inconsistently: although Koichi Hirose awakened a Stand, his sister Ayana Hirose did not; however, the twins Enrico and Wes both awakened a Stand when Enrico was pierced.
In the new continuity of Steel Ball Run and JoJolion, the Arrows remain unseen. Stands can still be developed naturally, like Pocoloco's, and their potential can still be inherited, as shown with the Joestar and Higashikata families. Outside of these means, Stands are usually brought out by certain supernatural landmarks.
Enduring through the harsh conditions of the Devil's Palm, a shifting landmass in North America, or living long enough near the Wall Eyes of Morioh can draw out one's Stand. Notable Devil's Palm survivors include Mountain Tim, Oyecomova and Ringo Roadagain, while many Morioh residents, like Ojiro Sasame, Daiya Higashikata and seemingly most Rock Humans, unlocked their Stands through the mere exposure to future Wall Eyes emergence sites.
Both the Devil's Palm and the Wall Eyes are either directly stated or hinted to have come from the power of the Saint's Corpse, a set of mummified relics with miraculous properties. Among them is the ability of individual Corpse Parts, usually housed within a Devil's Palm, to grant Stands to worthy bearers that the Corpse chooses to fuse with. Because the user's capacity to wield these Stands is initially tied to the Corpse's own holy power, they can be lost if the Corpse Part is extracted. However, as the user acclimates and develops their technique, the Stand can eventually become fully theirs to keep, like in the case of Johnny Joestar's evolving Tusk.
Uniquely, the Saint's Corpse can also grant Stands to the surrounding flora, creating cursed locales like Sugar Mountain Spring or Shakedown Road, and also manifest entirely separate Stand-like entities dubbed "guardians" for its own mysterious purposes. A Stand of a Corpse Part bearer might initially be one of these guardians, as was the case with Tusk.
Duchowe połączenia
Stand users share a number of spiritual connections with each other, which manifest in several supernatural phenomena.
Firstly, Stand users attract other Stand users. Likened by different characters to either a "red string of fate" or "gravity", this link ensures that Stand users will eventually meet one another, especially if they live in the same general area. This rule was most prevalent in Diamond is Unbreakable and Vento Aureo, where many fateful meetings, such as Koichi Hirose immediately bumping into Giorno Giovanna when tasked to find him,[19] had this phenomenon as their undercurrent explanation.
Secondly, if Stand users happen to be related to each other, they will share a strong psychic bond. It's most prominently exhibited as an ability to sense the presence of Stand using relatives. Even without having met each other in person, people sharing this link will be able to roughly tell how far away they are from each other, although they usually can't discern the exact direction the sensation is coming from. They can also tell if their family members are alive regardless of distance.[20][21] These nuances were, for example, used in the battle with DIO, when the retreating Joseph Joestar "masked" the presence of Jotaro Kujo closing in on DIO from the back,[22] and were also the main reason for why the Boss of Passione considered killing his estranged daughter Trish Una essential to maintaining complete anonymity.[23]
If the familial ties between Stand users are especially strong, such as the bond between twins or loving parents and children, the people in question will sometimes share injuries or even supernatural changes to their body.[24] This was showcased with Enya Geil manifesting her son's stab wounds after his death,[25] and Jotaro subconsciously sending a message to Jolyne Cujoh via Star Platinum carving her name in his skin.[26]
In the newcontinuity, only the rule of Stand user attraction is shown to be in effect.[27]
The "Stands" in JoJo can be conceptualized as a reification of hidden talent, with their source being a sort of energy that's been in the Earth since ancient times.[28] The oldest known instance of a Stand user dates back to the 16th century with the death of Caravan Serai and the emancipation of his Stand, Anubis.
The Arrows' creator
Approximately 50,000 years ago, a meteorite crash landed on Earth around an underpopulated region of Cape York, Greenland. Several hundred years before the discovery of the virus, a man who wished to acquire the power of gods took the rocks and fashioned them into a set of Arrows. What happens to them through the centuries remains unknown.
In 1978, a mineral excavation team discovered the meteorite and uncovered an unknown virus within the rocks of the surrounding area and determined that it has been laying dormant inside the meteorite that hit Earth long ago. Despite extensive research, government doctors were unable to determine the alien virus' purpose outside the culling of life. Akin to the theory of evolution, it was discovered that certain people possessed the quality that would allow them to survive when exposed to the virus, rewarding them new abilities as they surpassed the trial.[29]
The Arrows resurface in 1986 when an Egyptian ruins investigation team uncovered six of them from underneath the Egypt desert. The Arrows were eventually stolen by Diavolo, who sold five of them to Enya the Hag. The Arrows allowed the wielder to unlock Stand abilities in those who had the potential to awaken one, essentially acting as the aforementioned trigger. Thus since the '80s, there has a been a sharp rise in the population of Stand users. The five Arrows sold to Enya were eventually distributed between various people across the world, among them were Keicho Nijimura, Yoshihiro Kira, Jean Pierre Polnareff, and the Speedwagon Foundation.[30]
Poniższa informacja pochodzi z El Aleph, który nie został napisany przez Arakiego. Jako taki może nie być uważany za kanon.
In the light novel rey infinito, a magnitude 8.1 earthquake struck Peru in 1966. It caused large deformations in the earth's crust below the mountain range. Speedwagon Foundation investigators carried out a geographical investigation in Pucallpa, and found an area with a new, large-scale depression. However, researchers that entered that area suddenly suffered from unexplained illnesses resulting in unnatural deaths. Some of the researchers that survived exhibited strange changes in their bodies, such as spontaneous combustion or electrical discharge. The cause was a strange mineral that had been exposed by the earthquake, causing them to be infected with an unknown virus.
Lisa Lisa learned that in the distant past, there were cases of people finding and harvesting the same mineral in regions other than Peru for their own purposes. The ore was carved to make Arrows, eventually leading to several of the Arrows being spread throughout South America and other regions.[31]
The Speedwagon Foundation investigators in South America call the power awakened by the Arrows "las Maravillas" (驚異の力).[32]
Koniec sekcji niekanonicznej.
Second Continuity
Stands are reintroduced in later parts with much vaguer origins. In Steel Ball Run, Stands were described as being granted by the Devil's Palm and the Corpse Parts it housed, which both bestowed power to those that could seek them out and survive their presence. In 1890-1891, to reassemble the Saint's Corpse and gain control of its miraculous power, the United States government staged the eponymous Steel Ball Run race as a way to scour the territory for individual Corpse Parts under the guise of a public event. The full Saint's Corpse was then sealed under Trinity Church, Manhattan, after which the Devil's Palm seemingly ceased to be.
The Saint's Corpse was then briefly smuggled into Morioh, Japan in 1901 by former Steel Ball Run contestant Johnny Joestar to cure his wife'sterminal illness through the Corpse's power of Equivalent Exchange. As Johnny died in the process, the Corpse was retrieved by US government agents and returned to America.[33] Consequently to these events the grounds of Morioh started exhibiting strange properties, one of which was the ability to draw out Stands. Despite the Wall Eyes, a geological formation similar to the Devil's Palm, emerging in Morioh only during the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake , a lot of the town's Stand users have awakened their Stands long before that, many having lived next to or on top of future Wall Eyes emergence sites.[34][35]
Despite an established connection between the Saint's Corpse and Stands, much of the specifics are shrouded in mystery. People who live near Stand-granting landmarks sometimes offer alternative explanations of their origin. For example, according to a Native American legend, the Devil's Palm was a crater left by an ancient meteor, similar to the one from the original universe.[36] A significant number of Stand users also never came in contact with either the Saint's Corpse or the formations it left behind. Finally, it's up to interpretation whether the Corpse's power is something shared among other similar relics, as some characters have implied,[37] or is simply an extension of an abilitythe Saint had in life.
Stand-endowing grounds have also historically been connected to the cryptid species of Rock Humans, the vast majority of whom are Stand users. Rock Humans hold a great reverence for the powers found within the Earth, and as such they're drawn to places like the Devil's Palm and the Wall Eyes, considering them their "true home".[38]
Stands present themselves in a wide variety of forms. Some adopt a humanoid form, others, the appearance of an object or a tool. These Stands all share an inability to be viewed by ordinary humans, unless bound to physical objects. In addition, some Stands can simply be devoid of appearance, simply manifesting themselves as a special power.
Stands can be divided into 5 trends based on their physical appearance. The first four are categorized using the following descriptors: Natural (生命・自然事物型 Seimei Shizenji Butsu-gata, lit. Living/Natural Things), Artificial (人工・機械型 Jinkō Kikai-gata, lit. Artificial/Mechanism), Humanoid (人型 Hito-gata) and Non-Humanoid (非・人型 Hihito-gata). A fifth category, referred to as Phenomenon (現象型 Genshō-gata) or Other (その他 Sonohoka), exists to encompass all Stands that do not fit into any of the previous trends.[6][39]
A Stand's appearance is not set in stone. Stands change appearance as their users age. As seen with Jean Pierre Polnareff's Silver Chariot[40] or Jobin Higashikata's Speed King,[41] young Stand users have typically childlike Stands and when they become adults, the Stands' features also become adult-like. A special category of Stands that can evolve into different forms or ACTs, is also able to change form and therefore appearance. Finally, a Stand pierced by the Bow and Arrow can evolve into a brand new form called a Requiem Stand.
When a Stand is injured, they may either bleed like an organic being, crumble into ashes, fizzle out in flashes of light, or break into small pieces like a statue.
Osobowość
Some Stands emote, but most don't
Most Stands display no personality, sometimes because they do not have a form with which to emote, but the majority of humanoid Stands simply hover behind and above the user awaiting a command. Some Stands display bits of personalities through facial expressions, but it is ambiguous whether the emotions come from the Stand or simply reflect the user's state of mind. Stand users can talk through their Stands as a way of communicating with their friend or foe.
For unknown reasons, a handful of Stands do have a separate consciousness from their users. They are sentient and can converse with their users whenever they are summoned. Although they display a variety of personalities, most still obey their users to the letter. Examples of such Stands include Echoes ACT3, Sex Pistols, and Dragon's Dream. Rarely, these Stands are uncontrollable and have no true master, and instead, move from host to host and actively seek to harm their "user" with their powers. Anubis and Cheap Trick are examples of such Stands.
Whenever a Stand talks, their otherworldly nature is indicated in the original manga material as a text written with Katakana. In the case of audiovisual media such as the anime or a video game, a Stand's voice will possess a ghostly echo and mechanical tone.
Each Stand possesses supernatural properties as well as a special, unique power, indirectly granting its user superhuman abilities:
Stands can act unseen from most
In general, a Stand is invisible to normal humans, yet can interact with normal objects. It allows the user to use their Stand unnoticed by a large majority of the population. The mundane use of a Stand has been likened to a poltergeist phenomenon by normal people. Even a Stand's power is invisible for ordinary humans; for instance, normal people cannot see Magician's Red's flames but can feel its heat.[42]
Stands are ethereal and, as a result, possess intangibility. It is uncommon but not unheard of for Stand users to channel their Stands inside their bodies to protect themselves, using their Stand's superhuman durability to their advantage. It is even more uncommon for Stands to phase through objects, but the possibility exists.
A Stand is ordinarily invulnerable to any harm except against another Stand or if their Stand user is harmed. In the rare case that a powerful enough force is exerted on a Stand, it can take damage.[43]
As psychic projections, users can also communicate through their Stands. Barring rare exceptions, a Stand user typically shares their consciousness with their Stand and is able to see through its eyes. Moreover, a Stand user can also speak through their Stand, enabling a form of distant communication. However, the Stand must have a mouth or otherwise be able to speak to do so. Notable examples include Star Platinum, Death Thirteen, Highway Star, King Crimson, and Whitesnake.
Only Stands can harm Stands
On the assumption that Stands are images created out of energy, users possess the ability to slightly manipulate their form. The only two times this ability was consciously utilized were in the part where Stands debuted, Stardust Crusaders. The first instance was Jotaro focusing Star Platinum's energy into its fingertips to rapidly extend them for a piercing attack, only doing so when the rest of the Stand is immobilized.[44] The second was Kakyoin and Polnareff shrinking their Stands to a microscopic level. However, Polnareff indicated that it was difficult to manipulate the Stand at such a subtle level and that it was taxing to maintain the small size,[45] making that property impractical in most cases.
Power
Each Stand possesses an esoteric and unique power that defines it and sets it apart from other Stands.
A sword Stand and a fire Stand
A Stand's power can wildly vary between Stands. The nature of the power can range from relatively mundane powers such as using a sword or controlling flames to extremely powerful ones such as the ability to manipulate the flow of time. These powers have many different subtleties, such as a limited range or a special way of manifesting themselves, that can be exploited during a fight. For instance, Sticky Fingers can create zippers on any surface, but it has to hit an object with its hand to be able to create them. It is up to the user to know how to protect themselves or use their enemy's weakness to their advantage.
The user is sometimes immune, or protected to a degree against the power of their Stand. For instance, Prosciutto can stay young despite his The Grateful Dead aging everyone around it. However, the reverse is just as widespread, as Stand users like Pannacotta Fugo with Purple Haze's virus, and Muhammad Avdol and Magician's Red's flames are stated to be just as vulnerable.
In rare cases, Stands can have the same abilities. Usually, siblings like the D'ArbyBrothers or tworats can roughly have the same power.
Barring rare exceptions, if the Stand is destroyed or the user is knocked out, the Stand's power immediately disappears and any modification to the environment due to its power is reversed.
Each Stand is unique, but many share enough characteristics that they may be grouped under specific Stand Types. Uncommon special Stands may appear in the story from time to time due to exceptional circumstances.
Despite the variety of powers shown throughout the series, no Stand has the ability to truly bring back a person whose soul has departed.[46]
Range
Great power can be offset by short range
One of the most important features of a Stand is its range. Stands in principle can only be used within a predetermined range centering around the Stand's owner. As such, for the sake of convenience, the range that a Stand can perform abilities is referred to as "Firing Range" (射程距離). A Stand's range and accuracy are inversely proportional; the further the Stand moves away from its firing range, the weaker and less subtle it becomes. This principle is applied to almost all Stands. Furthermore, this can be construed more specifically as an "effective firing range", as a Stand will only gradually lose effectiveness the further it deviates from its firing range, rather than just relinquish immediately.[39] The Stand's range is effectively just the range where it can optimally perform, though this can notably fluctuate depending on the emotional state of the user.[47]
From a general point of view, all Stands can be roughly divided into two types: "short distance", and "long distance". As a trend, short-range types display great power, many of which excel at direct blows or destruction (Silver Chariot, Crazy Diamond, Sticky Fingers, etc.), and are often referred to as "Power Types". Long-range types typically have a special ability that lets them attack indirectly. (Hierophant Green, Echoes ACT1, Beach Boy, etc.)
Some long-distance types are referred to as "Automatic Pilot", in which the "power vs distance from user" principle does not apply, since autopilot types are typically an extension of an "effect" that results in a Stand triggering. As such, these Stands are independent of the Stand user's will and mental strength, and their power does not drop as a result. As a related note, certain Stand abilities do not have specified ranges (Earth Wind and Fire), an example being time-based powers, such as The World or King Crimson.[39]
Example of Stand parameters displayed (Star Platinum) in JOJOVELLER
Stand Parameters (スタンドパラメータ, Sutando Paramēta), or Stand Statistics, are six statistics used outside of the story to gauge a Stand's capabilities. Some parameters refer to specific abilities of the Stand, such as in the case of Moody Blues and Whitesnake. They are, clockwise from top: Destructive Power, Speed, Range, Stamina, Precision, and Developmental Potential.
Destructive Power (破壊力, Hakairyoku):
Measures the Stand's strength and ability to cause destruction (physical injury or collateral environmental damage) in a given period of time. Close-Range Stands such as Star Platinum, The World, Crazy Diamond, Killer Queen, Gold Experience and Stone Free will typically boast high destructive power (Rank C or higher). There are also cases like C-MOON, where destructive power is low or not applicable, despite having fairly destructive abilities.
Speed (スピード, Supīdo):
Measures the Stand's agility and reflexes as well as performance speed. This is also typically evaluated fairly high for Close-range Stands. Sometimes it can be strengthened through training, such as with Stands like Silver Chariot.
Range (射程距離, Shatei Kyori):
Measures a compromise of the Stand's range of manifestation, range of ability influence, and spatial mobility. In most cases, it is inversely proportional to destructive power. However, there are cases where both power and range are excellent, such as Red Hot Chili Pepper, Weather Report, and Planet Waves although this is usually offset by having a low precision, or in the case of Red Hot Chili Pepper, requiring electricity to work. In addition, a Stand's range may decrease due to evolution, such as with Echoes and Made in Heaven.
Stamina (持続力, Jizoku-ryoku):
Measures the duration of time that the Stand can actively maintain its ability. It can also be used in the sense of the time it takes before a special ability can be activated again, such as Star Platinum: The World's time stop.
Precision (精密動作性, Seimitsu Dōsa-sei):
Measures the Stand's accuracy and range of influence/effect of their abilities to specified targets. Automatic-type Stands are generally evaluated with Rank D or under with a fewexceptions.
Development Potential (成長性, Seichō-sei):
Measures the Stand's possible functions, utilization of its abilities and powers, and capacity to improve its overall capabilities. It decreases in rank as the user masters their Stand. For example, Jotaro Kujo's Star Platinum is Rank A in Developmental Potential during Stardust Crusaders, but is given a Complete rank during Stone Ocean, as Jotaro has had many years to hone Star Platinum's power. For a Stand to gain an E-Ranking, it means that either their Stand user discovered all of their Stand's abilities or the Stand came with few abilities and thus cannot grow any more than it has. Stands such as Green Day and Notorious B.I.G, with infinitely increasing abilities, will be evaluated highly in this parameter.
Each statistic is ranked from A to E; though rankings of None and Infinite are also possible. If a rank is Unknown, it will show a question mark (?); this is usually because the Stand or its full capabilities have not yet been or will not be revealed in the storyline. Rankings are defined as follows:
A: Very Good (超スゴイ, Chō Sugoi)
B: Good (スゴイ, Sugoi)
C: Average (人間と同じ, Ningen to Onaji, lit. "Comparable to a Human")
D: Poor (ニガテ, Nigate)
E: Very Poor (超ニガテ, Chō Nigate)
Stand Parameters were first introduced in Vento Aureo as part of a series of tailpieces inserted in specific chapters. Each page typically features information on a Stand relevant to the story arc, including their name, user, parameters, and description of their ability. Steel Ball Run and JoJolion do not display parameters, but Stands introduced during these arcs, as well as the arcs prior to Vento Aureo, are given them in artbooks.
Araki had conceived his idea of Stand following a need to illustrate his character's abilities and drew inspiration from several sources. As the Vampires and therefore the Ripple, which was needed to fight them, became less relevant, there was a need to innovate the way characters in the series would fight each other. Araki mentions several trains of thought which would eventually lead into the creation of the Stands.
In several instances, Araki says that he was influenced by spiritualism, the ancestor cult of the Shinto religion giving him the idea of an otherworldly being protecting someone.[48][49] Moreover, Yokai legends and folklore would become one of the main inspirations for the Stands' appearances.[50] Araki also claimed that the concept of Stands were inspired by the 'guardian spirit' from Jiro Tsunoda's Ushiro no Hyakutarō manga.[51]
Alternatively, starting from the idea of psychic powers, Araki mentions that his natural skepticism about psychic powers inspired him to draw a psychic entity summoned by the characters. His interrogation about how psychic powers could affect the physical world without any medium led him into illustrating the psychic powers through Stands, which could make the reader visualize the way characters affected the world with their minds.[50] Araki mentions having in mind a punching fist coming out of the body to break an object, and thought that anything could be drawn, giving him a lot of artistic liberty.[52]
Araki explains that Stand abilities are often the first element he thinks of when he creates a character, and that he then develops the character's personality and appearance based on the harmony with said Stand power.[50][53]
A running theme in the Stand abilities of main antagonists is the power to manipulate time and/or space at some point. The World stops time, Killer QueenBites the Dust loops time, King Crimson erases time, Made in Heaven accelerates the flow of time, Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap travels through parallel dimensions, and Wonder of U manipulates calamity. This pattern stems from Araki's belief that the main antagonist should be overpowered and that if one were able to control space and time they would be unstoppable.[54]
While in the original universe, Stand was written as 幽波紋, in Steel Ball Run, 立ち向かうもの was briefly used by Mountain Tim, which literally means "the thing that stands and faces".
In Stardust Crusaders, most of the first Stands introduced are named after the Major Arcana of the Tarot (early on, also modified by a color or metal name). Rider-Waite-Smith numbering is also used (the Justice card visual manifestation features the number eleven and Death Thirteen includes the tarot number in its name). Later on, the remaining Stands excluding The World, Cream, and Tenore Sax are named after Egyptian deities.
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