Timeline of the Second Continuity

1st Continuity

2nd Continuity

Inconsistencies

For an article about real world events, see Release Timeline

The following is a timeline of events occurring in the second continuity of JoJo's Bizarre Adventure.

Middle Ages

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
667	The place that will become Morioh's Mutsu-kabe Shrine is consecrated as one with the god Shiwahiko.
828	Venice steals the corpse of Saint Mark from the Byzantine Empire, beginning a millenium of prosperity for the small city.
1191	Joseph of Arimathea's Map is found under Glastonbury's monastery, which he founded.
c. 1500	The Zeppeli Family is ordered to become the king's executioner.

Modern History

16-18th Centuries

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
16th century	Joseph of Arimathea's map is stolen, a few years after the discovery of the New World.
c. 1740	A Puritan minister brings Joseph of Arimathea's map from England to America.
c. 1760	250 years before 2010, the Higashikata Family's former house is built.

19th Century

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
1801	Hualalai's most recent eruption occurs.
1807	Diego Brando's future wife is born.
1838	Richard Owen coins the word "dinosaur".
1840	The East & West Tribune newspaper is founded. Steven Steel is born.
1843	Latrato washes up on Waipio Valley in Hawaii.
1846	Norisuke Higashikata I is born.
1847	September 20, Funny Valentine is born.
1848	Adam Pendleton is born.
1851	During the Crimean War, a record of 150 kilometers ridden on horseback in a single day is established. Its rider dies of exhaustion. Alice Pendleton is born.
1853	Diego's Mother is born.
c. 1856	Steel is placed on a deserted hospital island due to typhoid fever from cavalry rations.
1858	Steel leaves the hospital after two years, quits the cavalry and joins a circus as a part-time worker.
1859	Steel becomes the star of the circus. Wekapipo is born. Mountain Tim is born.
1860	Steel goes on a tour across America with the circus.
1861	April 12, the American Civil War begins. Steven Steel (21) introduces new popular attractions in the circus: "midget women wrestling," "the bug-eyed man," and "pigs on a tight rope."
1863	Steven Steel (23) is fired from the circus after a fight breaks out due to his arrogance. Axl RO fails to warn Gettysburg about an incoming enemy attack. A fire subsequently breaks out in town.
1865	May 26, the American Civil War ends. Steel becomes a heavyweight boxer. Pocoloco's father and co-worker, among others, are freed from slavery.
1866	Steel becomes a debt collector. Gyro Zeppeli is born. Wekapipo's sister is born.
1867	Steel beats an opponent he shouldn't have in a rigged game. Gangsters retaliate by seeking him out and shooting him in his right knee. Hot Pants is born. Nicholas Joestar is born.
1868	Steel disappears. It is rumored that he escaped overseas as a sailor.
1869	Pocoloco is born.
c. 1870	Diego Brando is born.
1872	Johnny Joestar is born. Johei Higashikata (Norisuke Higashikata II) is born. Sandman is born.
1874	Rina Higashikata is born. Tom Pendleton is born.
1875	The cavalry's 26th squad dies of dehydration within the Devil's Palm in Arizona. Mountain Tim, the only survivor, and develops a Stand. Funny Valentine and Scarlet Valentine first meet at a party.
1876	Lucy Pendleton is born. Diego's Mother dies of tetanus.
1877	Johnny, age 5, rides a horse for the first time. Gyro, age 13, becomes his father's assistant.
1879	Will Pendleton is born.
1881	Nicholas dies while practicing for his next race. Diego claims a white mouse distracted him. Steel reappears in San Francisco and declares to the East & West Tribune that he is going to Costa Rica to search for dinosaurs. Liza Pendleton is born. Marco is born.
1883	Steel becomes a promoter. He publishes several popular articles in the East & West Tribune, including "Capturing the Yeti in the Rocky Mountains," "Looking for the 3-Legged Catfish," "In Search of the 20-Meter-Long Penguin," and "The Newlyweds in a Haunted Mansion: A Documentary."
1885	Lizzie Pendleton is born.
1886	Steel buys a mansion in San Jose with 8 servants, and begins collecting art pieces. He applies for entry into a university, but is denied.
1887	Ringo Roadagain acquires his Stand, Mandom, in the desert. Charles Pendleton is born.
1888	Johnny wins the Kentucky Derby. An article about "aliens" turns out to be describing a shaved monkey. Although Steel has nothing to do with it, he and his profession are dubbed frauds in the ensuing scandal. Steel goes bankrupt. Lucy meets Steel. Listening to his mumbling, she proposes the idea of a race across the entire American continent. Steel finds over 20 sponsors for his new race, starting with the East & West Tribune. Johnny is shot in the spine and becomes paralyzed. Dr. Ferdinand searches for the Devil's Palm in Arizona and acquires Scary Monsters.
1889	Funny Valentine becomes the 23rd president of the United States of America. After meeting with Steel, he offers his support to the Steel Ball Run race. Steel rescues Lucy from a gang by lying about her virginity. The two of them marry.

Steel Ball Run Begins

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
1890	April 23, newspapers announce the arrest of Baron Rippi from the Kingdom of Naples on charges of conspiracy against the king. His family and servants, including Marco, are arrested and sentenced to death. Early May, Gyro leaves Italy to participate in the Steel Ball Run race. May 22, Gyro arrives in America. September 20, Pocoloco loses at gambling. A fortune teller predicts that the next 2 months will be the happiest of his life. September 23, the capacity of the venue is exceeded fourfold. Steel holds a press conference providing the details of the race. Gyro registers as a participant in the race. September 25, 10:00 AM, the Steel Ball Run race begins. 10:18 AM, Gyro wins the 1st Stage after 18 minutes and 7 seconds, but is demoted for endangering Sandman during the race. As a result, Sandman takes first place in the stage. September 26, 10:00 AM, the 2nd Stage begins. While fending off the Boomboom Family, Johnny accidentally enters the Devil's Palm, acquires the Saint's Corpse's left arm, and gains Tusk. At a checkpoint during the 2nd Stage, Mountain Tim is put out of commission by Oyecomova's Stand. Gyro defeats Oyecomova and acquires the Zombie Horse. Johnny discovers that the Steel Ball Run race is a front for collecting the Saint's Corpse, and convinces Gyro to help him obtain it. October 14, around 5:24 PM, Diego Brando wins the 2nd Stage after 18 days, 7 hours, and 24 minutes. The 3rd Stage begins. Dr. Ferdinand uses Diego to find the corpse's eyes, but is defeated by Gyro. Gyro obtains the right eye, but Diego escapes with the left and inherits Scary Monsters. October 19, around 3:15 AM, Hot Pants wins the 3rd Stage after 5 days, 9 hours, 51 minutes, and 42 seconds. The 4th Stage begins. October 30, the 11th day of the 4th Stage: Gaucho dies after challenging Ringo to a duel. Gyro duels and kills Ringo. Johnny discovers that Hot Pants is a woman. November 8, Lucy steals the corpse's spine and lethally wounds Blackmore. Blackmore pursues her, but is defeated by Gyro and dies when the rain ends. Gyro gives Lucy the right eye and tasks her with stealing the corpse's heart from Valentine. The spine fuses with Johnny. November 9, around 10:25 AM, Norisuke Higashikata I wins the 4th Stage after 21 days, 7 hours, 10 minutes, and 13 seconds. The 5th Stage begins. Diego partners with Sandman to attack Johnny and Gyro. Johnny kills Sandman, but Hot Pants knocks him out and steals his corpse parts. November 23 at around 12:36 PM, Pocoloco wins the 5th Stage after 14 days, 2 hours, 11 minutes, and 5 seconds. The 6th Stage begins. Johnny and Gyro acquire the corpse's ears and right arm from Sugar Mountain, but are forced to trade them to the last of eleven assassins. Lucy exploits Scarlet's sexuality to infiltrate Valentine's residence, but is caught by Mike O.'s Tubular Bells. Lucy is forced to kill Scarlet. Hot Pants saves Lucy by killing Mike O. and disguising her as Scarlet, taking the corpse's heart with her as she leaves. Wekapipo and Magent Magent ambush Johnny and Gyro on the Michigan Lake Straits. Gyro spares Wekapipo's life and tells him to protect Lucy. He and Johnny then obtain the corpse's legs. Diego rescues Magent Magent after Wekapipo leaves him for dead. December 7, around 9:01 AM, Gyro wins the 6th Stage. December 18, Johnny, Gyro, and Hot Pants all lose their corpse parts during a struggle with Axl RO. Funny Valentine escapes with the gathered corpse parts. December 23, Wekapipo tells Gyro and Johnny about "Lucy's" death and burial. December 28: Steven Steel is shot by Magent Magent. Wekapipo comes to his aid and traps Magent Magent at the bottom of the Delaware River. Valentine unmasks Lucy, who tries to escape but is impregnated with the corpse's head. Around 3:06 PM, Diego wins the 7th Stage after 21 days, 8 hours, 5 minutes, and 11 seconds. 3:51 PM, Gyro and Johnny finish the 7th Stage and decide to pursue Diego. 4:13 PM, Johnny is shot. Gyro is attacked by D-I-S-C-O, but easily defeats him. Valentine ambushes Diego and Wekapipo and steals the left eye. Diego is forced to sacrifice Wekapipo to escape annihilation. Lucy is recaptured by Valentine in exchange for her husband's safety.
1891	January 19: Diego and Hot Pants attempt to assassinate Valentine, but both are killed. Lucy fuses with the Saint's Corpse, which evolves Valentine's Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap into D4C Love Train. Gyro briefly manifests Ball Breaker while fighting Valentine, but is shot in the heart and perishes. Johnny evolves his Stand to ACT4 and finishes off Valentine. The Saint's Corpse separates from Lucy, but is stolen by a Parallel World Diego. Johnny finishes the 8th Stage. The Final Stage begins. Parallel World Diego manages to redirect Tusk's ability toward Johnny himself, at the cost of his own leg. 6:33 AM, Parallel World Diego crosses the Final Stage's finish line in first place. Lucy confronts Parallel World Diego beneath Trinity Church and annihilates him with the original Diego's head. The Saint's Corpse is sealed within the church's vault. Steel comes to Johnny's aid on a horse, allowing him to undo Tusk's effect. Parallel World Diego is reported missing and disqualified. Sloop John B wins the Final Stage, and Pocoloco wins the overall race. Johnny boards a boat to deliver Gyro's body to his homeland. The hat brand "SBR" is founded.
1892	Johnny marries Rina Higashikata.
1898	George Joestar III is born. The Hawaiian Islands are annexed by the United States. Latrato changes his surname to "Howler" and establishes HOWLER Farms.

Contemporary History

20th Century

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
1901	Rina falls ill from the Rock Disease. Johnny travels to America and steals the Saint's Corpse to cure her. November 11, evening, Johnny uses the corpse to transfer the Rock Disease to himself. Les Feuilles, newly created by the corpse's power, moves a large rock on top of Johnny's head and kills him. November 12, morning, Johnny's corpse is found by the authorities. November 13, Johnny's death and an unknown baby that washed up on the beach are reported on in Yashirokita News. December 17, Yashirokita News reports that Johnny's death has been declared an accident.
1902	May 23, Yashirokita News reports the completion of the Joestar Jizo.
1908	Josho Higashikata (Norisuke Higashikata III) is born.
1911	Lucy Steel investigates the ground of Morioh on behalf of the Speedwagon Foundation.
1922	Satoru Akefu is born.
1924	Joseph Joestar is born.
1931	Death of Norisuke Higashikata I.
1938	Australians discover the Locacaca in New Guinea.
1939	September 1, World War II begins.
1941	Lucy returns to Morioh to investigate the possible presence of the Locacaca. She meets Joseph, and the two of them are attacked by Radio Gaga. After Joseph drives Radio Gaga away, Lucy notices Toru with a pot of Locacaca, but does not pursue him.
1944	Lucy Steel passes away after contracting a lung disease.
c. 1945	September 2, end of World War II. Yoshiteru Kira is born.
1952	Josuke Higashikata (Norisuke Higashikata IV) is born. Joseph Joestar meets Suzi Q.
1959	Kaato is born. Holy Joestar is born. Hawaii becomes a state.
1963	In winter, Norisuke IV contracts the Rock Disease. His mother, Tomoko sacrifices herself to cure him.
1967	Suzuyo Hirose is born. A fire started by the mafia at Monte Brutto's request burns the Howler family's pastures on Hualalai, driving the Howler family to the verge of bankruptcy. Acca Howler's grandfather retaliates by assassinating Brutto and obtaining official land deeds for his family's property.
c. 1974	Meryl Mei Qi is born.
1976	Maako Kitani is born.
1979	Jobin Higashikata is born. Cindy is born.
1980	Mitsuba Higashikata is born. Rai Mamezuku is born.
c. 1981	Acca Howler is born.
1982	Yoshikage Kira is born.
1986	Yoshikage Kira, age 4, breaks two of his ribs and wounds his left lung while playing with Cindy. He is treated by his mother.
1987	Hato Higashikata is born.
1988	Ojiro Sasame is born.
1989	Kei Nijimura is born.
1991	Death of Yoshiteru Kira. Josefumi Kujo is born in S City. Karera Sakunami is born. Yasuho Hirose is born.
1992	Joshu Higashikata is born.
1993	Norisuke inherits the Higashikata Fruit Parlor.
1994	Mamezuku's father dies in a landslide caused by Dododo De Dadada.
1995	Daiya Higashikata is born.
1996	Kaato is sentenced to 15 years at Stone Ocean.
1997	At age 17, Rai Mamezuku sells his first batch of strawberries to the Higashikata Fruit Company. Mamezuku begins exclusively working with Norisuke.
1998	Holy begins her 10-year tenure at TH Hospital.

21st Century

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
c. 2001	Yasuho meets Toru for the first time and unwittingly helps him find Satoru Akefu, who he decides to impersonate.
c. 2002	Charming Man is born.
2002	Tsurugi Higashikata is born. Yasuho's parents divorce.
c. 2004	Paco Laburantes is born.
c. 2005	Dragona Joestar is born.
2005	At age 13, Yasuho unwittingly buys a living malevolent Rock Animal, which proceeds to psychologically torment her until she slits her wrists. Holy oversees Yasuho's treatment and tells her not to overlook anything. Yoshikage accidentally crushes the Rock Animal and gives her its corpse.
c. 2006	Usagi Alohaoe is born.
c. 2008	Jodio Joestar is born.
2008	Holy leaves TH University Hospital and becomes a guest professor at TG University Hospital. Summer, Ojiro Sasame first encounters Kira.
2009	Kira discovers Aisho Dainenjiyama sleeping aboard his ship. Afterward, he investigates Aisho and learns of the Locacaca trade. Atsunori Iwakiri damages his shoulder. Zaihei Nigatake visits Hamburg and swipes one of Milagroman's bills from a man posing as a homeless person to pay for a taxi fare. He subsequently falls under Milagroman's curse.
2010	Iwakiri buys and eats a Locacaca fruit to heal his shoulder. October 3, Kira and Josefumi steal 2 Locacaca branches. The Higashikata household is rebuilt by Yotsuyu Yagiyama.

JoJolion Begins

Year	Part 7-9 Continuity
2011	March 11, Japan (Morioh included) is heavily damaged by a tsunami. The night after the tsunami, Wall Eyes appear in Morioh. April, the Locacaca tree wilts. The Rock Humans notice that 2 branches have been stolen and begin searching for those responsible. August 19: Kira purchases a hat from the SBR Hat Shop. Ojiro Sasame sets a trap for Kira in his own apartment. 10 months, 16 days, 3 hours and 24 minutes after stealing 2 Locacaca branches, Kira and Josefumi are confronted by Tamaki Damo and his comrades. Kira dies and Josefumi fuses with parts of his body, creating Josuke Higashikata. August 20, Yasuho discovers Josuke buried beneath the Wall Eyes. Joshu attempts to kill him, but Josuke blinds him with Soft & Wet and knocks him out. August 22, Yasuho and Josuke visit Kira's apartment. Josuke is attacked by Ojiro Sasame and defeats him using Soft & Wet. Josuke and Yasuho return to the Wall Eyes and find Kira's corpse. Josuke is adopted by the Higashikata family. August 23, 3 days after his discovery, Norisuke brings Josuke is to the Higashikata household and introduces him to the family. Daiya attempts to manipulate him with California King Bed, but is defeated. Josuke and Daiya then investigate Norisuke's study, where Josuke finds the Joestar family tree. August 27, Josuke and Yasuho separately head to TG University Hospital to meet Holy Joestar-Kira. On the way, Josuke is attacked by Kei Nijimura's Stand Born This Way. After she is defeated, Nijimura takes Josuke to the Wall Eyes, where she explains that he is a fusion of two people. Between late August and early September: Josuke passes through Shakedown Road with Joshu Higashikata, who awakens Nut King Call. At around 10:28 AM, Josuke uses Les Feuilles to steal money from an illegal transaction. Yasuho encounters Tsurugi, who uses Paper Moon King to convince her to stay in the Higashikata house's bunker. Yotsuyu waterboards Yasuho in order to examine her Stand, Paisley Park. The day after visiting Shakedown Road, Josuke interrogates Norisuke. The two of them are attacked by Yotsuyu Yagiyama, and Josuke accidentally kills him. Around 4:38 PM, Josuke meets Jobin at the Higahikata Fruit Parlor. 2 days after visiting Shakedown Road, Josuke challenges Jobin in a beetle fight and ultimately wins the keys to Jobin's Lamborghini. Yasuho identifies Aisho using Paisley Park. Around 4:52 PM, Yasuho and Tsurugi begin pursuing Aisho via their Stands. Aisho discovers them and attacks them with Doobie Wah. 5:18 PM, Aisho is hit by a bus that he mistakes for Jobin due to Paper Moon King's ability. The day after Aisho's death, Josuke meets Karera Sakunami and kills the A. Phex Brothers with her help. 2 days after Aisho's death, Damo visits the Higashikata house and uses Vitamin C against the family members. Damo interrogates Norisuke, telling him what happened between him and Kira. Shortly afterward, he is defeated by Hato and killed by Josuke. Early September, Kaato finishes her 15-year prison sentence after 3,662 working days. Jobin brings her to the Higashikata house, where she "reunites" with the family. September 14, 11 days before the New Locacaca harvest: 4:08 AM, Josuke records Jobin searching for the Locacaca branch in the Higashikata orchard. Josuke tells Norisuke of his intention to retrieve the New Locacaca branch. Norisuke recommends that he contact Mamezuku. Dolomite targets Josuke with his Stand, Blue Hawaii, but is defeated by Yasuho. Josuke and Yasuho meet Mamezuku. The three of them kill Urban Guerrilla and Doremifasolati Do. Yasuho returns home and investigates the corpse of the hair clip Rock Animal. Jobin meets with Poor Tom, who tells him to bury Ozon Baby in the orchard. Jobin complies, only for the Stand to attack him as well. Tsurugi and Jobin burn down the Higashikata family orchard as Josuke and Mamezuku battle Poor Tom. Josuke and Poor Tom are tricked by Paper Moon King into fighting over a pear branch. Poor Tom attempts to deliver the branch to his allies, only to be killed in a calamity. Jobin grafts the New Locacaca branch onto a cactus, accelerating its growth. September 15, 10 days before the harvest: Yasuho goes to TG University Hospital for menstrual pain, where she sees Mitsuba being treated with Locacaca by Wu Tomoki. Yasuho and Mitsuba are attacked by Tomoki. During the battle, Yasuho meets Toru and asks him to contact Josuke. 2:22 PM, Yasuho and Mitsuba enter the Tomoki's Locacaca laboratory. Josuke kills Tomoki, and Mamezuku destroys the Locacaca plants within the laboratory. September 18, 7 days before the harvest, an accident involving Mina occurs at Tsurugi's school. September 19, 6 days before the harvest, Josuke, Yasuho, and Mamezuku pursue the head of the Locacaca Organization, Satoru Akefu, but are unable to reach him or see his face. A bystander is accidentally killed during the pursuit, and the police begin searching for Josuke and Mamezuku. Around 3 PM, Mitsuba sees the grafted Locacaca branch in Jobin's beetle room. September 20, 5 days before the harvest, Ojiro remembers the Locacaca as Maako Kitani mentions it. September 22, 3 days before the harvest, Ojiro locates the New Locacaca within the Higashikata estate. He sends a picture of it to Maako and manages to steal it, but the two of them are eliminated by Jobin as he retrieves the plant. September 23, 2 days before the harvest: Around 12 PM, Josuke and Mamezuku learn that Akefu will be giving a lecture at TG University Hospital the next day. Josuke allows himself to be injured by calamity in order to be brought to TG University Hospital. Mamezuku is arrested by the police. Yasuho Hirose decides to investigate the Higashikata house after Toru shows her a picture of Satoru Akefu with Mitsuba. September 24, the day before the harvest: Around 10:52 AM, Josuke wakes up at TG University Hospital and is heavily wounded by calamity. Josuke meets Holy Joestar-Kira; around 120 seconds later, she cures him with Locacaca 6251 and falls unconscious. Around 11:00 AM, Akefu formally presents Locacaca 6251 to the general public. September 25, the day of the harvest: Around 3 hours before the harvest, Yasuho investigates the Higashikata house. Jobin, Tsurugi, and Mitsuba attempt to drown Paisley Park, but accidentally reveal the New Locacaca to the rest of the family due to calamity. Norisuke saves Yasuho, but Jobin incapacitates him with Speed King. Yasuho calls Toru and asks him to come to the Higashikata house. Mamezuku breaks out of prison by letting calamity injure his cellmate and riding his ambulance to the hospital. Jobin is gravely wounded by calamity and bleeds to death. Around 2 hours before the harvest, Akefu is informed that Josuke has evidence of Holy's poisoning, and Toru decides to pursue him. Mamezuku defeats Wonder of U's pet Rock Animal Dododo De Dadada, but is killed by Josuke's bubbles via calamity. Joshu performs an Equivalent Exchange with Yasuho and loses his right arm. Around 5:05 PM, a panel of a plane slides off and falls towards Yasuho. Yasuho contacts Josuke with help from Nijimura, who is killed. Josuke manages to gravely wound Toru using Soft & Wet's new ability, Go Beyond, in combination with Paisley Park. The falling plane panel narrowly misses Yasuho, instead colliding into the Higashikata house. Toru eats a New Locacaca fruit to perform an equivalent exchange with Yasuho. Kaato appears and forces him to exchange with Tsurugi instead, using the rest of the branch to ensure Tsurugi is healed. Toru succumbs to his wounds and crumbles into dust. Kaato is lethally wounded by the calamity and dies surrounded by her family. 13 minutes before the harvest, Tsurugi goes upstairs to bring Norisuke's body to the ambulance. Calamity attempts to kill Norisuke, but Josuke arrives and destroys it with Go Beyond. The day before Norisuke's discharge from the hospital, his family reunites at the Higashikata Fruit Parlor to pick out a cake for him.
c. 2012	Lulu is born.
c. 2018	Paco's father is charged with murder. Paco is arrested in his first year of high school after trying to cash in over $10,000 in a fraudulent check scam, and imprisoned for a year.
c. 2019	Meryl Mei Qi recruits Paco to work for her after he is out of prison. Dragona is bullied by their classmates, causing their brother Jodio to nearly incinerate them inside a locked bus. Months later, Jodio and Dragona's mother and father separate due to financial fallout from the bus incident. Meryl Mei Qi recruits Jodio and Dragona to work for her.
c. 2022	Charming Man accidentally injures a police officer on Highway 180 with his rough skin and is arrested for it.

The JOJOLands Begins

Year

Part 7-9 Continuity

c. 2023

Two police officers attempt to assault Dragona Joestar, but are incapacitated by them and Jodio. Jodio destroys the officers' body cameras and sets their vehicle on fire. Jodio, Dragona, and their acquaintance Paco are ordered by Meryl Mei Qi to steal a diamond from Rohan Kishibe's vacation villa. Meryl also assigns Usagi to their team. Jodio discovers a lava rock with wealth-attracting properties in Rohan's vault, and uses it to negotiate for Rohan's silence. Charming Man attempts to steal the lava rock, but is defeated by Jodio. Paco decides to have Charming Man join the team instead. On Meryl's orders, Team Jodio uses the lava rock on HOWLER Company's land deeds. Usagi is infected by the Stand Bags Groove, forcing his team to use a nearby hospital's MRI to fight it. Jodio is attacked by Bobby Jean, but kills him by scattering November Rain's rain using a broken toilet. Jodio, Dragona, and Charming Man (disguised as a banker) meet with Acca Howler and his lawyer, Key West. Jodio's group attempts to force Acca to sign over the land ownership to Meryl. Meryl Mei Qi is interrogated by Laem Chabang and Ningbo. Paco and Usagi rush to her aid.